Tencent is an internet service portal offering value-added internet, mobile, telecom, and online advertising services. Its communications and social platforms Weixin and QQ connect users with each other, with digital content and daily life services in just a few clicks.  Tencent has maintained steady growth under its user-oriented operating strategies. It provides value-added internet, mobile, and telecom services, as well as online advertising under the strategic goal of providing users with ''one-stop online lifestyle services.'' Tencent’s Internet platforms in China – QQ (QQ Instant Messenger), WeChat, QQ.com, QQ Games, Qzone, 3g.QQ.com, SoSo, PaiPai, and Tenpay – aim to address the various needs of internet users, including communication, information, entertainment, e-commerce, and others. In September 2013, Tencent's market valuation rose to $101 billion, and as of November 21, 2013, QQ had 2 billion active users and WeChat had 650 million monthly active users. The numbers of active users for QQ mail, Qzone, Tencent Weibo, and QQ news were 274 million, 626 million, 220 million, and 150 million, respectively. Tencent was founded in November of 1998. In April 2000, the IDG and PCCW invested a total of $2.2 million dollars in the company. Tencent was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (SEHK) on June 16, 2004. Baidu, Alibaba, and Netease are Tencent's major competitors.

Tencent

The North Carolina Biotechnology Center is a private, non-profit corporation funded by the N.C. General Assembly to strengthen biotechnology research, business and education statewide. The Center is not a site for laboratory research; it works to support job creation in the biotechnology industry.

North Carolina Biotechnology Center

ARTIS Ventures is a financial services firm that finances early-to-late-stage venture investments. The team supports its portfolio companies through their entire life cycle, from initial venture investment to public offering and beyond.

Artis Ventures (AV)

Abstract Ventures is a sector agnostic venture investor in pre-seed, seed, Series A and B startup companies. It serves as pavers for founders, making vital connections for fundraising, talent, customers, and advice. The firm is a dot connector, counting the world’s most visionary investors, founders, and industry leaders as our allies.

Abstract Ventures

Starlight is a venture capital firm for founders addressing the world’s most pressing challenges & opportunities. We partner early with unstoppable entrepreneurs leveraging breakthrough science and technology to pursue progress at scale in four main areas: the energy transition, industrializing synthetic biology, space technology, and novel computing & communications platforms. Starlight was founded in 2017 and is headquartered in Miami, Florida.

Starlight Ventures

Viking Global Investors is an investment firm that uses fundamental analysis to select investments across industries and geographies. It is a global investment firm managing more than twenty billion in capital across long-short equity and long-only strategies. The firm was established in 1999 and is headquartered in Greenwich, Connecticut, with offices in New York City, Hong Kong, and London.

Viking Global Investors

Johnson & Johnson Innovation is a center for science and business experts to collaborate with innovators to incorporate science into healthcare solutions, including medical device and diagnostic technologies, consumer healthcare products, and pharmaceuticals. It is focused on the advancement of new healthcare solutions in the consumer, pharmaceutical, and medical devices and diagnostics sectors.’ The company provides financing tools that include early-stage research funding, seed funding, equity investments, licensing, and collaborations. Additionally, it offers its partners access to international markets, pricing and reimbursement, market testing, company creation services, and more. They conduct their activities with the help of regional incubators, satellite operations, single bench tops, modular labs, office space for entrepreneurs, and a year-round curriculum focused on business and drug development. Johnson & Johnson Innovation is a subsidiary of [Johnson & Johnson](http://www.crunchbase.com/organization/johnson-johnson)  and its centers are located in Boston, California, London, and Shanghai.

Johnson & Johnson Robotics and Digital Solutions

Discovery Innovations Biotechnology Research company.

Discovery Innovations

Locus Biosciences

Locus Biosciences is a developer of a CRISPR-engineered precision antibacterial platform designed to revolutionize the treatment of bacterial disease. The company's platform combines the antibacterial power of CRISPR-Cas3 with the efficient, safe delivery of bacterial viruses called bacteriophage, enabling physicians to begin treatment more quickly, resulting in a better medical outcome.

<div>Locus Biosciences specializes in CRISPR-based gene editing to develop novel anti-bacterial and engineered phage therapies to address a variety of therapeutic areas including infectious diseases, oncology, and immunology. It uses its proprietary platform, which entails bacteriophage discovery, synthetic biology, and manufacturing capabilities.&nbsp;</div>

Reinventing gene therapies with next-generation technologies

Human Gene Editing

Locus Biosciences Secures $23.9 Million to Advance Breakthrough UTI Treatment

Janssen

To develop, manufacture and commercialize CRISPR-Cas3-enhanced bacteriophage products targeting two key bacterial pathogens for the potential treatment of infections of the respiratory tract and other organ systems.

Companies that develop novel therapeutics based on the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology

<div>
 
 Locus Biosciences specializes in CRISPR-based gene editing to develop novel anti-bacterial and engineered phage therapies to address a variety of therapeutic areas including infectious diseases, oncology, and immunology. It uses its proprietary platform, which entails bacteriophage discovery, synthetic biology, and manufacturing capabilities.&nbsp;
 
 
 The company&rsquo;s approach uses CRISPR-Cas3-enhanced bacteriophage (crPhage) to precisely target the unwanted bacteria and deliver Type-1 Cas3 enzymes to delete undesirable genetic material or DNA, thereby eliminating the bacteria. It had five drug development programs in its pipeline of which one&mdash;targeting urinary tract infections&mdash;was in the clinical stage, scheduled to initiate Phase II/III clinical trials in mid-2022. Locus also has four other research programs for various disease indications including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).&nbsp;
 
 
 Key customers and partnerships
 
 
 Locus offers its platform to biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies to develop novel therapeutics and also supports its partners throughout the drug development process, including the manufacturing and clinical stages. It entered into a research collaboration and licensing agreement with 
 <a href="https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/locus-biosciences-enters-a-collaboration-and-license-agreement-with-johnson--johnson-innovation-to-develop-crispr-cas3-bacteriophage-therapeutics-300771975.html">
 Janssen Pharmaceuticals
 </a>
 in January 2019 to discover, develop, and commercialize crPhage. In June 2022 , Locus partnered with 
 <a href="https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/cosmosid-announces-microbiome-partnership-with-locus-biosciences-to-provide-long-term-clinical-trial-support-301571492.html">
 CosmosID
 </a>
 to obtain clinical trial support from the latter.&nbsp;
 
 
 Funding and financials
 
 
 In January 2024, Locus Biosciences raised USD 23.9 million in funding from the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA). The funding was set aside to advance the second part of its ELIMINATE Phase II trial involving LBP-EC01, a therapy aimed at treating urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by drug-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli). The financial boost was part of a larger USD 85 million contract with BARDA originally signed in September 2020. The total funds released to date under this contract were USD 48.9 million.
 
</div>

<div>
 
 Editas Medicine specializes in gene editing to develop novel therapeutics for a variety of areas including oncology, ocular diseases, and blood diseases. It leverages the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology, specifically Cas9 and Cas12a enzymes.&nbsp;
 
 
 The company develops both in vivo (gene editing done inside the body) and ex vivo (gene editing done in a specialized laboratory and returned to the body) therapeutics. As of March 2024, Editas has seven gene editing programs in its pipeline.&nbsp;
 
 
 One of the company&rsquo;s candidates was in the late clinical trial stages as of March 2024. The Phase I/II clinical trials on Editas&rsquo; in vivo gene editing therapy EDIT-101 have been ongoing since 2019 and the company announced that it had achieved proof of concept and identified a responder population in November 2022. For the first time ever (in April 2022), the company delivered its experimental in vivo CRISPR therapy to a 
 <a href="https://ir.editasmedicine.com/news-releases/news-release-details/editas-medicine-announces-dosing-first-pediatric-patient">
 pediatric patient
 </a>
 to treat Leber congenital amaurosis 10 (LCA10), an inherited early childhood eye disease. Its ex vivo gene editing therapy EDIT-301 holds two rare pediatric disease designations granted by the FDA for transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia and sickle cell disease. The candidate also received 
 <a href="https://ir.editasmedicine.com/news-releases/news-release-details/editas-medicine-receives-fda-orphan-drug-designation-edit-301">
 orphan drug designation
 </a>
 in May 2022 for beta-thalassemia.
 
 
 Key customers and partnerships
 
 
 Founded in September 2013, Editas has secured several collaborations with other pharmaceutical and drug developers including 
 <a href="https://www.catalent.com/catalent-news/catalent-enters-into-strategic-partnership-with-editas-medicine-to-support-gene-editing-medicine-pipeline/">
 Catalent
 </a>
 (for therapy development and manufacturing support),
 <a href="https://ir.editasmedicine.com/news-releases/news-release-details/adverum-biotechnologies-and-editas-medicine-announce">
 Adverum Biotechnologies 
 </a>
 (to develop technologies to deliver gene editing medicines to the eye), 
 <a href="https://www.askbio.com/editas-medicine-and-askbio-enter-strategic-research-collaboration-to-explore-in-vivo-delivery-of-genome-editing-medicines-to-treat-neurological-diseases/">
 Asklepios BioPharmaceutical
 </a>
 (AskBio) (to research in vivo gene editing therapies for neurological diseases),
 <a href="https://ir.editasmedicine.com/news-releases/news-release-details/editas-medicine-and-bluerock-therapeutics-enter-strategic">
 BlueRock Therapeutics
 </a>
 (to develop medicines by combining cell therapy and gene editing technologies), and big pharma such as Bristol-Myers Squibb (to develop cell therapies for oncology).&nbsp;
 
 
 The company expanded its partnership with Azzur Cleanrooms on Demand (COD) in July 2023 with regard to continuing to manufacture Editas' candidate EDIT-301. 
 
 
 Funding and financials
 
 
 The company last raised funds in June 2023 when the company raised USD 125 million in a common stock offering. Editas Medicine did not disclose what the raised funds would be used for. The company has been listed on the Nasdaq since February 2016 and was the first CRISPR gene editing company to go public. 
 
</div>

Editas Medicine

<div>
 
 CRISPR Therapeutics specializes in developing gene editing-based novel therapeutics for a variety of areas including immuno-oncology and hemoglobinopathies. It leverages the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology, specifically Cas9 enzymes, and focuses predominantly on treating somatic cells that do not transfer DNA to the next generations, preventing future generations from contracting a genetic disease.&nbsp;
 
 
 The company develops both in vivo (gene editing done inside the body) and ex vivo (gene editing done in a specialized laboratory and returned to the body) therapeutics. As of March 2024, the company had 18 drug candidates in its pipeline. 
 
 
 In a milestone event in November 2023, the company&rsquo;s gene-editing therapy exagamglogene autotemcel, CASGEVY 
 <a href="https://sp-edge.com/updates/24093">
 (exa-cel)
 </a>
 , developed with Vertex Pharmaceuticals to treat sickle-cell disease and beta-thalassemia, received the world&rsquo;s first authorization from the UK's Medicines and Healthcare products, Regulatory Agency (MHRA). In December 2023, it received FDA approval for patients aged 12 and older. The drug for beta-thalassemia patients is also nearing its market entry in the US, with the FDA&rsquo;s decision expected on March 30, 2024.&nbsp;
 
 
 
 
 
 Key customers and partnerships
 
 
 
 
 The company has secured strategic collaborations with several companies to co-develop and co-commercialize gene editing medicines that include 
 <a href="https://investors.vrtx.com/news-releases/news-release-details/vertex-pharmaceuticals-and-crispr-therapeutics-amend">
 Vertex Pharmaceuticals
 </a>
 (2015) to develop a therapy (CTX001) for various indications including beta-thalassemia, sickle cell disease, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy; and 
 <a href="https://viacyte.com/press-releases/crispr-therapeutics-and-viacyte-announce-strategic-collaboration-to-develop-gene-edited-stem-cell-derived-therapy-for-diabetes/">
 ViaCyte
 </a>
 (September 2018) to develop VCTX210, a regenerative medicine for diabetes.
 
 
 Big pharma Bayer also signed an option agreement in 2019 with the company to co-develop and co-commercialize two candidates, after entirely handing over the joint venture Casebia Therapeutics to CRISPR.&nbsp;&nbsp;
 
 
 
 
 
 Funding and financials
 
 
 
 
 Founded in 2013, CRISPR has been listed on the Nasdaq since 2016. For 2021, the company reported a revenue of USD 913.1 million earned via milestone payments, collaborations, and licensing.
 
 
 
 
 
</div>

CRISPR Therapeutics

<div>
 
 Intellia Therapeutics specializes in gene editing to develop novel therapeutics for various areas, including immuno-oncology, autoimmune, and genetic diseases. It leverages the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology, specifically Cas9 enzymes.&nbsp;
 
 
 The company develops both in vivo (gene editing done inside the body) and ex vivo (gene editing done in a specialized laboratory and returned to the body) therapeutics. As of March 2024, it was working on 3 internal drug programs and four collaborative programs. As of March 2024, one program was in the late clinical stage, one program was in the early clinical stage, and five were in the research and preclinical stage. The company considers its lipid nanoparticle delivery system to be a key strength in minimizing genotoxicity risk and random insertion.
 
 
 Intellia acquired biotechnology company Rewrite Therapeutics for USD 45 million in February 2022 to leverage its gene editing and DNA-writing technologies. Intellia would also pay up to USD 155 million in additional milestone payments.
 
 
 
 
 
 Key customers and partnerships
 
 
 Intellia has partnered with a number of biotech and pharma companies, including: 
 1) Big pharma Novartis (January 2015), to research and co-develop CRISPR/Cas9-edited therapies to develop an ex-vivo treatment for sickle-cell disease and a number of undisclosed programs 
 2) Kyverna Therapeutics (January 2022), for the development of a next-generation CD19 CAR T-cell therapy for autoimmune diseases 
 3) ONK Therapeutics (February 2022), to develop engineered natural killer (NK) cell therapies for cancer treatment.&nbsp;
 
 
 In October 2023, the company expanded its research collaboration with 
 <a href="https://sp-edge.com/updates/22377">
 Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
 </a>
 (entered in April 2020) to develop gene-editing therapies for neurological and muscular diseases.
 
 
 
 
 
 Funding and financials
 
 
 Founded by Caribou Biosciences and Atlas Ventures in November 2014, Intellia has been listed on Nasdaq since May 2016. In 
 <a href="https://sp-edge.com/updates/15140">
 November 2022
 </a>
 , the company raised USD 300 million via an underwritten public offering&mdash;it did not disclose the purpose of the financing. For 2022, the company reported a revenue of ~USD 52&nbsp; million, earned through collaborations.
 
</div>

Intellia Therapeutics

<div>
 
 Based in the US and France, Cellectis develops off-the-shelf gene editing cancer immunotherapies based on allogeneic Chimeric Antigen Receptors T (CAR-T) cells dubbed UCARTs by leveraging the transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) technology.
 
 
 As of March 2024, the company had seven therapeutics in development; two targeting Leukemia, one for the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, one for Large B Cell Lymphoma, two for Multiple Myelnoma, and one for Renal Cell Carcinoma. Its Leukemia therapeutics were in Phase I of clinical trials, while its non-Hodgkin lymphoma solution was just entering Phase I of clinical trials. The company's therapeutics for Multiple Myeloma, another for Lymphoma, and Renal Cell Carcinoma, had been licensed out to other pharmaceutical companies.&nbsp;
 
 
 
 
 Key customers and partnerships
 
 
 In 
 <a href="https://sp-edge.com/updates/23389">
 November 2023
 </a>
 , Cellectis entered into a partnership with AstraZeneca to accelerate the development of gene editing therapeutics, with a focus on oncology, immunology, and rare diseases.&nbsp;
 
 
 Cellectis also partnered with Primera in January 2023 to develop in-vivo gene therapies for mitochondrial disease. Through the partnership, both entities would collaborate to genetically edit mutations in mitochondrial DNA and develop an engineering toolbox that can be used to develop therapeutics for mitochondrial diseases. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Funding and financials
 
 
 The company entered into several strategic collaboration agreements with AstraZeneca in November 2023. These agreements included an investment agreement relating to an initial equity investment of USD 80 million by subscribing for 16 million ordinary shares. Cellectis stated that it planned to use the proceeds received to develop gene editing tools, for research and development expenses incurred in developing its programs, and other general corporate purposes.
 
 
 
</div>

Cellectis

Caribou Biosciences specializes in gene editing to develop novel therapeutics for hematologic oncology indications using the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) technology. It develops allogeneic off-the-shelf gene edited therapies based on Chimeric Antigen Receptors T (CAR-T) cells and CAR Natural Killer (CAR-NK) cells.The company leverages its proprietary platform CRISPR hybrid RNA-DNA (chRDNA), which uses hybrid guides—both ribonucleic acid (RNA) and DNA nucleotides—to edit DNA. As of March 2024, Caribou had four candidates in its clinical pipeline, of which its lead candidate CB-010, a CAR-T therapy to treat relapsed/refractory B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, was in the Phase I clinical trial stage (March 2024). Its other CAR-T candidates, CB-011 for the treatment of relapsed/refractory Multiple Myeloma and CB-012, for the treatment of relapsed/refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia, were also in Phase I of clinical trials. Its alternate application for CB-010 to treat autoimmune diseases was still in the discovery stage.The company intended to extend ex vivo (gene editing done in a specialized laboratory and returned to the body) therapies toward other indications outside oncology and implement its Cas12a chRDNA platform in in vivo (gene editing done inside the body) applications.Key customers and partnershipsThe company entered into a partnership with big pharma company <a href="https://news.abbvie.com/news/press-releases/abbvie-and-caribou-biosciences-announce-collaboration-and-license-agreement-for-car-t-cell-products.htm">Abbvie </a>in February 2021 for licensing and co-development of two CAR-T therapies. Caribou also entered into licensing agreements with <a href="https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20201118005128/en/Caribou-Biosciences-Announces-Licensing-Agreement-for-scFvs-Targeting-CD371-to-Enable-Development-of-Allogeneic-Cell-Therapies">Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center </a>(MSKCC) (November 2020), Corteva Agriscience, and Intellia Therapeutics. It also has a sales and assignment agreement with ProMab Biotechnologies Inc. (February 2020).Funding and financialsCaribou Biosciences went public on the Nasdaq Global Select Market in July 2021 and raised USD 304 million. The IPO proceeds were earmarked to fuel the company’s clinical development. For 2021, it recorded revenue of USD 9.6 million earned through licensing and collaborations.The company last raised funding in July 2023, when it raised USD 125 million in an upsized underwritten public offering. Caribou did not disclose what the funds would be used for.

Caribou Biosciences

Companies that develop novel therapeutics based on other types of gene editing technologies including TALEN and ZFN

Companies that develop systems that enable the diagnosis of gene-edited therapies. Also includes systems that deliver gene-editing components into the human body

Companies that offer their gene-editing platforms to other pharma companies to develop therapeutics

Companies that offer support services to gene-editing companies, which include genomic research companies, gene-editing component manufacturing, and designing tools

Startups in the hub develop gene-editing treatments to cater to specific patients and patient profiles

Genomics enables precise changes in the DNA sequence of living organisms to develop treatments

<div>
Locus Biosciences, a gene editing company that uses the Crispr technology, has received USD 23.9 million in funding from the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA). The funds will go towards the ELIMINATE Phase II trial's second part, focusing on therapy LBP-EC01 designed to treat drug-resistant E. coli induced urinary tract infections. The funding is part of a broader USD 85 million contract with BARDA, with USD 48.9 million released so far. 
</div>

Locus Biosciences

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