ABL Space Systems developed the RS1, an 88-foot-tall two-stage rocket capable of delivering up to 2,975 pounds of payload to low Earth orbit at a cost of USD 12 million per launch. The RS1 was powered by the company's E2 engines - nine in the first stage and one in the second stage - using liquid oxygen and kerosene fuel. The company also created GS0, a portable ground system designed to enable launches from remote locations with minimal infrastructure requirements. In January 2023, ABL's first RS1 launch attempt failed when the rocket lost power shortly after liftoff and crashed. A second RS1 was destroyed in July 2023 during pre-flight testing when a fire broke out during a static fire test. In November 2024, ABL announced its exit from the commercial launch market to focus exclusively on missile defense technologies, leveraging its rocket and ground system technologies for national defense applications. The company operates facilities in El Segundo, California and maintains two test sites in the Mojave Desert.
Key customers and partnerships
Lockheed Martin was a major customer, having signed a contract in April 2021 for up to 58 RS1 launches through 2029. The company also secured contracts from the US Air Force and Space Force, including a USD 60 million award in March 2023 to develop "responsive launch" capabilities for defense missions.
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