Tissue-targeting therapeutics refer to those that can specifically target designated tissue sites while minimizing side effects in other areas. This approach, sometimes referred to as smart drug delivery and targeted drug delivery, mainly uses nanomedicine and nanoparticle-based solutions to develop drug candidates. Typically used in oncology, these therapeutics also have potential in cardiovascular disease and endocrine-related diseases such as diabetes.  

Tissue-targeting therapeutics typically use two types of targeting: Active and Passive. Active targeting refers to liposomes that bind to specific molecules (such as antibodies, carrier proteins, or ligands) so that the therapeutic “actively” seeks out the cells/area with the matching receptor. Passive targeting refers to therapeutics that use the body's natural response to liposomes as the activating agent, as these liposomes pass by non-reactive cells/tissues until they reach the target area.

The tissue-targeting therapeutics space has been segmented based on targeting approach. The therapeutics can target specific 1) cells based on biomarkers to directly cause cell death and 2) proteins that typically act as receptors (such as those found in cell membranes) to block or result in specific interactions. These therapeutics can also target specific tissue based on other determinants, such as only being activated at specific internal pressure changes or targeting specific bone microenvironments. The space also includes companies that carry out contract research and manufacturing for life science companies creating tissue-targeting therapeutics.  

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