Jenkins is an open-source automation server that enables continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) for software development projects. Written in Java, Jenkins automates various stages of the software development lifecycle including building, testing, and deploying code. It works by continuously checking code repositories for changes, then automatically building, testing, and deploying updated code.
Jenkins utilizes a master-agent architecture where a master server coordinates with distributed agent nodes to execute jobs. It supports plugins that extend its functionality, with over 1,500 plugins available as of 2022. Jenkins can be run on various operating systems and integrates with many version control systems, build tools, and cloud platforms.
The tool originated in 2004 as "Hudson", created by Kohsuke Kawaguchi at Sun Microsystems. In 2011, it was forked and renamed Jenkins following Oracle's acquisition of Sun. Jenkins is now maintained as an open-source project under the governance of the Continuous Delivery Foundation.
Key features of Jenkins include easy installation and configuration, extensibility through plugins, distributed builds, pipeline functionality for modeling complex workflows, and support for multiple programming languages and tools. Jenkins allows developers to detect and fix integration issues early through automated builds and tests triggered by code commits. It can be used to implement full CI/CD pipelines from source control through production deployment.
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