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Precision Medicine
Overview
Tailored healthcare through genetic profiling
Precision medicine (PM) is a transformative healthcare approach to disease prevention and treatment; it uses a patient’s genetic information, medical history, environmental factors, and lifestyle to determine the most effective treatment option with the fewest side effects.
PM has already gained traction in the pharmaceutical industry and is poised to become an integral part of the healthcare space. Nearly 38% of new molecular entities approved by the US Food and Drug Administration were classified as precision medicine in 2023, up from a mere 5% in 2005. Many drug developers have turned to biomarkers (biological markers or gene variations present in a patient or disease such as a tumor), which is the foundation PM uses to generate accurate targets. For example, biomarkers were used in more than 61% of clinical trials for cancer treatment in 2019 compared with just 18% in 2000.
Industry Updates
Market Sizing
The US precision medicine market could reach USD 30.8 billion–51.8 billion by 2028
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Market Mapping
Genetic testing and drug development startups dominate the PM landscape
The precision medicine industry can be categorized into six broad segments based on the type of solution offered, encompassing: genetic testing companies, pharmacogenomic test developers, bioinformatics companies, in-vitro companion diagnostic devices, and test manufacturers, drug discovery and development companies as well as multiomics platforms. Overall, there is a high concentration of startups in the genetic testing and drug development segments.
Traditional diagnostic companies, meanwhile, have branched out into companion diagnostics, while big pharma companies such as Pfizer, AstraZeneca, GSK, and Roche, have a presence in multiple segments.
Genetic Testing
Companion Diagnostics (CDx) tools
Pharmacogenomics (PGx)
Drug Discovery and Developers
Bioinformatics
Multiomics
The Disruptors
Public funding dominates drug development and companion diagnostic startups
Having opted for early-stage public listings due to the heavy capital needed during the development process, more than 60% of the drug discovery and development startups as well as companion diagnostic testing companies in the industry hub have access to public funding.
A majority of drug development startups (nearly 80%) were incorporated in or after 2015, coincided with the launch of the Precision Medicine Initiative in the US. They have seen rapid advancements in recent years, and several of them are now conducting clinical trials for their drug candidates while partnering with leading incumbents as part of their go-to-market strategy. Larger players in the companion diagnostics segment have also tapped into public funding via initial public offerings to support commercial operations and enhance clinical studies.
The genetic testing startups have raised significant funding from private investors and the segment is dominated by early and growth-stage startups Grail, Tempus, Color, and Helix. Early-stage startups PathAI and Syapse are the highest privately funded companies in the Bioinformatics segment.
Funding History
Competitive Analysis
Incumbents
In-house initiatives remain the most common PM approach
Two main types of incumbents are actively involved in the precision medicine space: 1) traditional diagnostic companies such as Abbott Molecular and Thermo Fisher Scientific that have entered the genetic testing space and companion diagnostics (CDx) for precision medicine, and 2) traditional drug developers such as AstraZeneca, Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, and Pfizer that have added precision oncology and other targeted therapies to their portfolio.
In most instances, big pharma companies and traditional diagnostic companies have developed/built out in-house capabilities to branch out into precision medicine. Some big pharma companies such as Roche and Janssen also have in-house diagnostic operations and expanded into companion diagnostics required for precision drugs. Other incumbents have expanded their precision medicine capabilities and service via acquisitions. There are several collaborations and strategic partnerships that have also taken place between different players in the precision medicine ecosystem including partnerships between 1) traditional drug developers and diagnostic companies where the latter develops CDx tests for the former’s targeted treatments, 2) traditional drug developers and startup drug developers to co-develop, combine, license and commercialize precision drugs or targeted treatments, as well 3) traditional large pharma companies and startup companion diagnostic developers that co-develop CDx tests.
Notable Investors
